Microray vacuum tube



Aug. 28, 1934. A, V 1,971,902

MICRORAY VACUUM TUBE Filed Feb. 29, 1932 N} '2 I INVENTOR m ANDRE c. CLAVIER g I fiFzs 26 23 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 28, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MICRORAY VACUUM TUBE Andr G. Clavier,

to International tories, Inc., Newark, New York Glen Ridge, N. J., assignm- Communications Labora- N. J., a corporation of Application February 29, 1932, Serial No. 595,765

3 Claims.

This invention relates to micro-ray signaling systems; and. in particular to an improved vacuum tube for use in such a system, and a new combination of auxiliary apparatus to be used with such a tube.

By micro-rays is meant electromagnetic waves the length of which lies approximately in the range between 1 and '100 centimeters.

In my U. S. Patent No. 1,928,408, granted November 26, 1933, I have disclosed a complete micro-ray signaling system including-a particular structure of tube for use therein.

In my U. S. Patent No. 1,959,092, granted May 22, 1934, I have disclosed a different species of a tube for performing the same function.

In the tube disclosed in the latter patent, one wire of a transmission line was connected to the oscillating electrode and the other wire to the reflecting electrode. The connection to the refleeting electrode battery was made from the central point of the oscillating electrode. 1

If additional leads are provided for the reflecting and oscillating electrodes and these leads extend from the tube in opposite directions to those which lead to the transmission line, the tube is easier to make, and a means is provided to determine the state of oscillations of that extremity of the oscillating electrode which is away from the transmission line. This may be done by providing a screening box which acts as a short circuit for the high frequency and modifies the state of oscillations in the tube.

In the drawing:

Fig; l is a diagram of the micro-ray tube of the present invention, connected at one side to a micro-ray transmission line and at the other side to leads to aJocal circuit, and enclosed in a screening box;

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the tube of Fig. 1 connected to a circuit for the production of modulated waves; and

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the tube of Fig. 1, connected to a circuit for detecting incoming modulated waves.

In Fig. 1 a vacuum tube I has therein a stem '2 on which is mounted a reflecting electrode 3, an oscillating electrode 4, and a filament or cathode 5, as disclosed in my first-mentioned co-pending application. A screening box 6, with an adjustable lid '7, surrounds the tube. Leads 8 and 9 from the reflecting and oscillating electrodes, respectively, are connected to a micro-ray transmission line 10 which may, in turn, be connected to any suitable auxiliary apparatus, such as an antenna, for transmission or reception of signals.

The reflecting and oscillating electrodes are also connected to leads 11 and 12 which project from the tube in opposite directions to leads 8 and 9, and project through the lid 7 of the screening box 6, from which at least one of them is insulated. Filament 5 is connected to leads 13. When the tube is being used for the transmission or receptidn of signals, the lid 7 of the screening box is adjusted to a position where optimum results areobtained. This position may be determined empirically in each instance. For one adjustment during the transmission of signals, it will be found that the tube is more prone to oscillate and better results are obtained. When signals are being received, it will usually be found that a different adjustment of the lid is necessary and a point will be found where the tube will not oscillate, and the received wave may be detected and amplified without distortion. The radius of the screening box should, ordinarily, be an odd multiple of an eighth wave length, in order to avoid radiation loss from the system, as disclosed in the first of my patents referred to above.

When a shield is used, it prevents radiation loss, as stated. However, the use of a shield is not necessary for the operation of the invention. The tube itself may be used for any purpose for which any micro-ray tube may be used. The state of oscillations within the tube may be controlled by the use of a plane reflector at the position of the plane portion of the lid 7 of the shield, in which event the shield itself may be dispensed with. The plane reflector will, of course, be adjustable with respect to the leads 11 and 12, one of which at least is insulated from said reflector.

In Fig. 2, a circuit is shown for the production of modulated waves. An incoming modulating signal is impressed on the transformer 14 across which potentiometer 15 is connected. On end of potentiometer 15 is connected to the filament 5, while the other end is connected through a condenser 16 to the oscillating electrode 4. The oscillating electrode is also connected through a choke coil 17 and a battery 18 to the filament 5. The reflecting electrode 3 is connected through a condenser 19 to a tap on the potentiometer 15, which tap is adjusted to impress a definite portion of the potential of the applied signal on the refleeting electrode and a definite portion on the oscillating electrode, as disclosed in my co-pending application, U. S. Patent No. 1,962,582, granted June 12, 1934. The filament is heated by battery 20.

In Fig. 3, which shows the tube of Fig. 1 connected to a circuit for detecting and amplifying received signals, a negative voltage is applied to the reflecting electrode by battery 21, I The oscillating electrode 4 is connected to the filament 5 through a choke coil 22 and battery="23, which supplies this electrode with a positive potential. The primary of transformer 24 and the'condenser 25 are also connected across the oscillating electrode and filament, and the detected signals may be received across the secondary of the transformer 24. The battery 26 heats the filament.

What is claimed is:

. 1. A micro-ray vacuum tube having a reflecting electrode, an oscillating electrode, and a cathode, said electrodes being concentrically disposed about said cathode, a pair of leads projecting from said tube connected to said reflecting and oscillating electrodes, a second pair of leads projecting from said tube in opposite direction to said first-mentioned pair of leads, also connected to said reflecting and oscillating electrodes, said pairs of leads being positioned substantially parallel to the axis of the concentric electrodes, and a shield housing said tube and the leads therefor, concentrically mounted with respect to the axis rum No. 1,911,902.

ANDRE G.

of the electrodesand having a radius equal to an odd multiple of an eighth wavelength.

7 2. A micro-ray vacuum tube having a cathode, an oscillating electrode, and a reflecting electrode, a transmission line, leads from said oscillating and reflecting electrodes to said transmission line, leads from said oscillating and reflecting electrodes projecting from said tube in an opposite direction from said first leads, and a reflector through which said last-mentioned leads project and cooperate for adjusting the state of oscillations in said tube;

3. A micro-ray vacuum tube having a reflecting electrode, an oscillating electrode, and a cathode, leads for the cathode, two pairs of leads extending in opposite directions from said tube and connected respectively to opposite ends of the reflecting and oscillating electrodes, and means comprising a reflector cooperating with one of said pairs ofleads and being adjustable along the length thereof for controlling the state of oscillations in said tube.

ANDRE G. CLAVIER.

CERTIFICATE'OF CORRECTION.

August 28, i934.

CLAVIER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 13. for the patent number "1,959,092" read 1,959, 856; and that the said Letters Patent. should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatentOffice.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of January, A. D. 1935.

( Sell Les! ie Frazer Acting Commissioner. of. Patents.

Inn

received signals, a negative voltage is applied to the reflecting electrode by battery 21, I The oscillating electrode 4 is connected to the filament 5 through a choke coil 22 and battery="23, which supplies this electrode with a positive potential. The primary of transformer 24 and the'condenser 25 are also connected across the oscillating electrode and filament, and the detected signals may be received across the secondary of the transformer 24. The battery 26 heats the filament.

What is claimed is:

. 1. A micro-ray vacuum tube having a reflecting electrode, an oscillating electrode, and a cathode, said electrodes being concentrically disposed about said cathode, a pair of leads projecting from said tube connected to said reflecting and oscillating electrodes, a second pair of leads projecting from said tube in opposite direction to said first-mentioned pair of leads, also connected to said reflecting and oscillating electrodes, said pairs of leads being positioned substantially parallel to the axis of the concentric electrodes, and a shield housing said tube and the leads therefor, concentrically mounted with respect to the axis rum No. 1,911,902.

ANDRE G.

of the electrodesand having a radius equal to an odd multiple of an eighth wavelength.

7 2. A micro-ray vacuum tube having a cathode, an oscillating electrode, and a reflecting electrode, a transmission line, leads from said oscillating and reflecting electrodes to said transmission line, leads from said oscillating and reflecting electrodes projecting from said tube in an opposite direction from said first leads, and a reflector through which said last-mentioned leads project and cooperate for adjusting the state of oscillations in said tube;

3. A micro-ray vacuum tube having a reflecting electrode, an oscillating electrode, and a cathode, leads for the cathode, two pairs of leads extending in opposite directions from said tube and connected respectively to opposite ends of the reflecting and oscillating electrodes, and means comprising a reflector cooperating with one of said pairs ofleads and being adjustable along the length thereof for controlling the state of oscillations in said tube.

ANDRE G. CLAVIER.

CERTIFICATE'OF CORRECTION.

August 28, i934.

CLAVIER.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line 13. for the patent number "1,959,092" read 1,959, 856; and that the said Letters Patent. should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatentOffice.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of January, A. D. 1935.

( Sell Les! ie Frazer Acting Commissioner. of. Patents.

Inn 

